欒丕綱

In this thesis, we analyze in detail the phenomena of conical refraction in biaxial crystals. In chapter 2, we introduce the history and applications of conical refraction in the beginning. After that, we derive the equations of normal surface and index ellipsoid via Fresnel′s equation of wave normal and the energy density of the light, respectively, to study the internal conical refraction. Likewise, we derive in detail the external conical refraction based on the principle of duality. Finally, we compare the internal with external conical refractions and sum them up. In the chapter 3, we start with exploiting Hamilton′s principle to resolve the incident beam of conical refraction and explains double bright rings, Poggendorff′s dark circle and Raman spot of conical refractive image. We then derive the main formulas of Belskii-Khapalyuk′s exact paraxial theory, and discuss the approximation method, which is the main reference of the simulation method used in this thesis. Most importantly, for linearly polarized light, we report and explain an interesting new finding concerning the angular distribution of the polarization state of the refracted light that is different from the usual result got in previous researches. Finally, we discuss the light intensity distribution in chiral and magneto-optical crystals for various polarization states of incident light. In chapter 4, we simulate conical-refraction-related phenomena after introducing the simulation parameters. The intensity patterns on the focal plane for non-polarized and specific polarized light are both simulated. We also study how the intensity and polarization of the refracted light changes in the space when different polarization states of the incident light are considered. We finally analyze how the refracted light intensity for unpolarized and specific polarized incident light changes when optical activity is present.